{"id":41489,"date":"2015-09-17T11:25:58","date_gmt":"2015-09-17T16:25:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/content.findlaw-admin.com\/ability-legal\/contracts\/uncategorized\/bylaws-3dfx-interactive-inc.html"},"modified":"2015-09-17T11:25:58","modified_gmt":"2015-09-17T16:25:58","slug":"bylaws-3dfx-interactive-inc","status":"publish","type":"corporate_contracts","link":"https:\/\/corporate.findlaw.com\/contracts\/formation\/bylaws-3dfx-interactive-inc.html","title":{"rendered":"Bylaws &#8211; 3dfx Interactive Inc."},"content":{"rendered":"<pre>\n\n                              AMENDED AND RESTATED\n\n                                    BYLAWS OF\n\n                             3DFX INTERACTIVE, INC.\n\n\n\n\n   2\n\n\n\n\n\n                                TABLE OF CONTENTS\n\n\n\n<\/pre>\n<table>\n<caption>\n                                                              PAGE<br \/>\n                                                              &#8212;-<br \/>\n<s>                                                          <c><br \/>\nARTICLE I. &#8212; Principal Office&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;    1<br \/>\n  Section 1. Location of Principal Office&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;.    1<br \/>\n  Section 2. Other Business Offices&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;.    1<br \/>\nARTICLE II. &#8212; Meetings of Shareholders&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;    1<br \/>\n  Section 1. Location of Meetings&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;    1<br \/>\n  Section 2. Annual Meetings&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;..    1<br \/>\n  Section 3. Special Meetings&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;.    2<br \/>\n  Section 4. Quorum&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;..    3<br \/>\n  Section 5. Adjournment&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;    3<br \/>\n  Section 6. Record Date; Cumulative Voting&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;..    3<br \/>\n  Section 7. Waiver of Notice&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;.    4<br \/>\n  Section 8. Action by Written Consent&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;.    4<br \/>\n  Section 9. Proxies&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;.    6<br \/>\n  Section 10. Inspectors of Election&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;    6<br \/>\n  Section 11. Nominations and Proposals&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;    7<br \/>\nARTICLE III. &#8212; Board of Directors&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;..    7<br \/>\n  Section 1. Powers of the Board&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;.    7<br \/>\n  Section 2. Number of Directors&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;.    8<br \/>\n  Section 3. Election of Directors&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;..    9<br \/>\n  Section 4. Vacancies; Resignation&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;.    9<br \/>\nARTICLE IV. &#8212; Meetings of Directors&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;   10<br \/>\n  Section 1. Location of Meetings&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;   10<br \/>\n  Section 2. Regular Meetings&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;.   10<br \/>\n  Section 3. Special Meetings; Notice&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;..   10<br \/>\n  Section 4. Quorum&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;..   10<br \/>\n  Section 5. Waiver of Notice&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;.   11<br \/>\n  Section 6. Action by Written Consent&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;.   11<br \/>\n  Section 7. Committees&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;.   11<br \/>\n  Section 8. Compensation of Directors&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;.   11<br \/>\n  Section 9. Indemnification&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;..   11<br \/>\nARTICLE V. &#8212; Officers&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;..   12<br \/>\n  Section 1. Designation of Officers&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;   12<br \/>\n  Section 2. Chairman of the Board&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;..   12<br \/>\n  Section 3. President&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;..   12<br \/>\n  Section 4. Vice Presidents&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;..   12<br \/>\n  Section 5. Secretary&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;..   12<br \/>\n  Section 6. Assistant Secretary&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;.   13<br \/>\n  Section 7. Treasurer&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;..   13<br \/>\n  Section 8. Assistant Treasurer&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;.   13<br \/>\nARTICLE VI. &#8212; Miscellaneous&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;..   13<br \/>\n  Section 1. Record Date&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;   13<br \/>\n  Section 2. Inspection of Corporate Records&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;.   14<br \/>\n  Section 3. Certificates for Shares&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;   14<br \/>\n<\/c><\/s><\/caption>\n<\/table>\n<p>                                        i<\/p>\n<p>   3<\/p>\n<table>\n<caption>\n                                                              PAGE<br \/>\n                                                              &#8212;-<br \/>\n<s>                                                          <c><br \/>\n  Section 4. Representation of Shares of Other<br \/>\n             Corporations&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;..   14<br \/>\n  Section 5. Inspection of Bylaws&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;   14<br \/>\n  Section 6. Construction and Definitions&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;.   14<br \/>\nARTICLE VII. &#8212; Amendments&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;.   15<br \/>\n  Section 1. Amendment by Shareholders&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;.   15<br \/>\n  Section 2. Amendment by Board of Directors&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;.   15<br \/>\nARTICLE VIII. &#8212; Annual and Other Reports&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;.   15<br \/>\n  Section 1. Annual Report to Shareholders&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;   15<br \/>\n  Section 2. Request for Financial Statements&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;   15<br \/>\n<\/c><\/s><\/caption>\n<\/table>\n<p>                                       ii<\/p>\n<p>   4<\/p>\n<p>                           AMENDED AND RESTATED BYLAWS<br \/>\n                                       OF<br \/>\n                             3DFX INTERACTIVE, INC.<\/p>\n<p>                                   ARTICLE I.<\/p>\n<p>                                PRINCIPAL OFFICE<\/p>\n<p>     SECTION 1. Location of Principal Office. The principal executive office for<br \/>\nthe transaction of the business of the corporation shall be established and<br \/>\nmaintained by the board of directors at any place within or without the State of<br \/>\nCalifornia. The board of directors may change said principal executive office<br \/>\nfrom one location to another.<\/p>\n<p>     SECTION 2. Other Business Offices. The board of directors may at any<br \/>\ntime establish other business offices within or without the State of California.<\/p>\n<p>                                   ARTICLE II.<\/p>\n<p>                            MEETINGS OF SHAREHOLDERS<\/p>\n<p>     SECTION 1. Location of Meetings. All meetings of the shareholders shall be<br \/>\nheld at any place within or without the State of California which may be<br \/>\ndesignated either by the board of directors or by the written consent of all<br \/>\nshareholders entitled to vote thereat and not present at the meeting given<br \/>\neither before or after the meeting and filed with the secretary of the<br \/>\ncorporation. In the absence of any such designation, shareholders&#8217; meetings<br \/>\nshall be held at the principal executive office of the corporation.<\/p>\n<p>     SECTION 2. Annual Meetings. The annual meeting of the shareholders of the<br \/>\ncorporation shall be held on such date and at such time as shall be determined<br \/>\nby the board of directors, not more than fifteen (15) months after the date of<br \/>\nthe preceding annual meeting or, in the case of the first annual meeting, not<br \/>\nmore than fifteen (15) months after the organization of the corporation. At such<br \/>\nmeeting, directors shall be elected and any other proper business may be<br \/>\ntransacted which is within the powers of the shareholders. Written notice of<br \/>\neach annual meeting shall be given to each shareholder entitled to vote either<br \/>\npersonally or by first-class mail or other means of written communications<br \/>\n(which includes, without limitation and wherever used in these bylaws,<br \/>\ntelegraphic and facsimile communication), charges prepaid, addressed to each<br \/>\nshareholder at the address appearing on the books of the corporation, or given<br \/>\nby the shareholder to the corporation for the purpose of notice. If any notice<br \/>\nor report addressed to the shareholder at the address of such shareholder<br \/>\nappearing on the books of the corporation is returned to the corporation by the<br \/>\nUnited States Postal Service marked to indicate that the United States Postal<br \/>\nService is unable to deliver the notice or report to the shareholder at such<br \/>\naddress, all future notices or reports shall be deemed to have been duly given<br \/>\nwithout further mailing if the same shall be available for the shareholder upon<br \/>\nwritten demand of the shareholder at the principal executive office of the<br \/>\ncorporation for a period of one year from the date of the giving of the notice<br \/>\nor report to all other shareholders. If no address of a shareholder appears on<br \/>\nthe books of the corporation or is given by the shareholder to the corporation,<br \/>\nnotice is duly given to him if sent by mail or other means of written<br \/>\ncommunication addressed to the place where the principal executive office of the<br \/>\ncorporation is located or if published at least once in a newspaper of general<br \/>\ncirculation in the county in which said principal executive office is located.<\/p>\n<p>     All such notices shall be given to each shareholder entitled thereto not<br \/>\nless than ten (10) days nor more than sixty (60) days before each annual<br \/>\nmeeting. Any such notice shall be deemed to have been given at the time when<br \/>\ndelivered personally or deposited in the United States mail or delivered to a<br \/>\ncommon carrier for transmission to the recipient <\/p>\n<p>                                       1<br \/>\n   5<\/p>\n<p>or actually transmitted by the person giving the notice by electronic means to<br \/>\nthe recipient or sent by other means of written communication. An affidavit of<br \/>\nmailing of any such notice in accordance with the foregoing provisions, executed<br \/>\nby the secretary, assistant secretary or transfer agent of the corporation shall<br \/>\nbe prima facie evidence of the giving of the notice.<\/p>\n<p>     Such notices shall state:<\/p>\n<p>          (a) The place, date and hour of the meeting;<\/p>\n<p>          (b) Those matters which the board, at the time of the mailing of the<br \/>\nnotice, intends to present for action by the shareholders;<\/p>\n<p>          (c) If directors are to be elected, the names of nominees intended at<br \/>\nthe time of the notice to be presented by management for election;<\/p>\n<p>          (d) The general nature of a proposal, if any, to take action with<br \/>\nrespect to the approval of (i) a contract or other transaction with an<br \/>\ninterested director, (ii) an amendment of the articles of incorporation, (iii) a<br \/>\nreorganization of the corporation as defined in section 181 of the California<br \/>\nGeneral Corporation Law (the &#8220;General Corporation Law&#8221;), (iv) a voluntary<br \/>\ndissolution of the corporation, or (v) a distribution in dissolution other than<br \/>\nin accordance with the rights of outstanding preferred shares, if any; and<\/p>\n<p>          (e) Such other matters, if any, as may properly come before the<br \/>\nmeeting or may be expressly required by statute.<\/p>\n<p>     SECTION 3. Special Meetings. Special meetings of the shareholders, for the<br \/>\npurpose of taking any action permitted by the shareholders under the California<br \/>\nGeneral Corporation Law, may be called at any time by the Board or, subject to<br \/>\nthe provisions of this Section 3, by the Chair of the Board, the President, or<br \/>\none or more shareholders holding not less than ten percent (10%) of the votes<br \/>\nentitled to be cast at the meeting. For a special meeting of the shareholders to<br \/>\nbe properly brought by any person or persons other than the Board pursuant to<br \/>\nthe preceding sentence, the person or persons calling the meeting must have<br \/>\ngiven timely notice thereof in writing to the Secretary of the Corporation and<br \/>\nthe business proposed to be conducted at such meeting must otherwise be a proper<br \/>\nmatter for shareholder action. To be timely, such notice shall be delivered to<br \/>\nthe Secretary at the principal executive offices of the Corporation not later<br \/>\nthan the close of business on the 60th day nor earlier than the close of<br \/>\nbusiness on the 90th day prior to the date of the meeting proposed by the person<br \/>\nor persons calling the meeting. Such notice shall set forth (a) the proposed<br \/>\ndate and time of the meeting, (b) as to each person whom the person or persons<br \/>\ncalling the meeting propose to nominate for election or reelection as a director<br \/>\nall information relating to such nominee that is required to be disclosed in<br \/>\nsolicitations of proxies for election of directors in an election contest, or is<br \/>\notherwise required, in each case pursuant to Regulation 14A under the Securities<br \/>\nExchange Act of 1934, as amended (or any successor thereto) and Rule 14a-11<br \/>\nthereunder (or any successor thereto) (including such nominee&#8217;s written consent<br \/>\nto being named in the proxy statement as a nominee and to serving as a director<br \/>\nif elected); (c) as to any other business that the person or persons calling the<br \/>\nmeeting proposes to bring before the meeting, a brief description of the<br \/>\nbusiness desired to be brought before the meeting, the reasons for conducting<br \/>\nsuch business at the meeting and any material interest in such business of such<br \/>\nperson or persons and any other person or entity, if any, on whose behalf the<br \/>\nproposal is made; and (d) as to any shareholders giving the notice (i) the name<br \/>\nand address of such shareholders, as they appear on the Corporation&#8217;s books and<br \/>\n(ii) the class and number of shares of the Corporation which are owned<br \/>\nbeneficially and of record by such shareholders. Upon notice meeting the<br \/>\nrequirements of this Section 3 by <\/p>\n<p>                                       2<br \/>\n   6<\/p>\n<p>any person or persons entitled to call a special meeting of shareholders, the<br \/>\nCorporation shall cause notice to be given to shareholders entitled to vote that<br \/>\na meeting will be held. Except in special cases where other express provision is<br \/>\nmade by statute, notice of special meetings shall be given in the same manner as<br \/>\nfor annual meetings of shareholders. In addition, to the matters required by<br \/>\nitems (i), and, if applicable, (ii) and (iii) of the preceding Section, notice<br \/>\nof any special meeting shall specify the general nature of the business to be<br \/>\ntransacted, and no other business may be transacted at such meeting.<\/p>\n<p>     SECTION 4. Quorum. The presence in person or by proxy of the holders of a<br \/>\nmajority of the shares entitled to vote at any meeting shall constitute a quorum<br \/>\nfor the transaction of business. The shareholders present at a duly called or<br \/>\nheld meeting at which a quorum is present may continue to transact business<br \/>\nuntil adjournment, notwithstanding the withdrawal of enough shareholders to<br \/>\nleave less than a quorum, if any action taken (other than adjournment) is<br \/>\napproved by at least a majority of the shares required to constitute a quorum.<\/p>\n<p>     SECTION 5. Adjournment. Any shareholders&#8217; meeting, annual or special,<br \/>\nwhether or not a quorum is present, may be adjourned from time to time by the<br \/>\nvote of a majority of the shares, the holders of which are either present in<br \/>\nperson or represented by proxy thereat, but in the absence of a quorum no other<br \/>\nbusiness may be transacted at such meeting, except as provided in Section 4<br \/>\nabove.<\/p>\n<p>     When any meeting of shareholders, either annual or special, is adjourned to<br \/>\nanother time or place, notice need not be given of the adjourned meeting if the<br \/>\ntime and place thereof are announced at the meeting at which the adjournment is<br \/>\ntaken, except that notice of the adjourned meeting shall be given to each<br \/>\nshareholder of record entitled to vote at an adjourned meeting in accordance<br \/>\nwith Section 2 of this Article II if a new record date for the adjourned meeting<br \/>\nis fixed by the board of directors, or if the adjournment is for more than<br \/>\nforty-five (45) days from the date set for the original meeting. At any<br \/>\nadjourned meeting the corporation may transact any business which might have<br \/>\nbeen transacted at the original meeting.<\/p>\n<p>     SECTION 6. Record Date; Cumulative Voting. Unless a record date for voting<br \/>\npurposes be fixed as provided in Section 1 of Article VI of these bylaws, then,<br \/>\nsubject to the provisions of sections 702 to 704, inclusive, of the General<br \/>\nCorporation Law, only persons in whose names shares entitled to vote stand on<br \/>\nthe stock records of the corporation at the close of business on the business<br \/>\nday next preceding the day on which notice of the meeting is given or if such<br \/>\nnotice is waived, at the close of business on the business day next preceding<br \/>\nthe day on which the meeting of shareholders is held (except that the record<br \/>\ndate for shareholders entitled to give consent to corporate action without a<br \/>\nmeeting shall be determined in accordance with Section 8 of this Article II)<br \/>\nshall be entitled to receive notice of and to vote at such meeting, and such day<br \/>\nshall be the record date for such meeting. Any shareholder entitled to vote on<br \/>\nany matter may vote part of the shares in favor of the proposal and refrain from<br \/>\nvoting the remaining shares or vote them against the proposal (other than<br \/>\nelections of directors), but if the shareholder fails to specify the number of<br \/>\nshares such shareholder is voting affirmatively, it will be conclusively<br \/>\npresumed that the shareholder&#8217;s approving vote is with respect to all shares<br \/>\nsuch shareholder is entitled to vote. Such vote may be via voice or by ballot;<br \/>\nprovided, however, that all elections for directors must be by ballot upon<br \/>\ndemand made by a shareholder at any election and before the voting begins. The<br \/>\naffirmative vote of a majority of the shares represented and voting at a duly<br \/>\nheld meeting at which a quorum is present (which shares voting affirmatively<br \/>\nshall constitute at least a majority of the required quorum) shall be the act of<br \/>\nthe shareholders except as may otherwise be provided by (i) Section 4 of this<br \/>\nArticle II, (ii) the cumulative voting provisions for the election of directors<br \/>\nas stated in this section below, and (iii) the General Corporation Law or the<br \/>\narticles of incorporation of this corporation <\/p>\n<p>                                       3<br \/>\n   7<\/p>\n<p>(including without limitation the provision that, upon the vote of the holder or<br \/>\nholders of shares representing fifty percent or more of the voting power of this<br \/>\ncorporation, this corporation may elect voluntarily to wind up and dissolve).<br \/>\nSubject to the requirements of the next sentence, every shareholder entitled to<br \/>\nvote at any election for directors may cumulate his votes and give one candidate<br \/>\na number of votes equal to the number of directors to be elected multiplied by<br \/>\nthe number of votes to which his shares are normally entitled, or distribute his<br \/>\nvotes on the same principle among as many candidates as he shall think fit. No<br \/>\nshareholder shall be entitled to cumulate votes unless such candidate or<br \/>\ncandidates&#8217; names have been placed in nomination prior to the voting and the<br \/>\nshareholder has given notice at the meeting prior to the voting of the<br \/>\nshareholder&#8217;s intention to cumulate his votes. If any one shareholder has given<br \/>\nsuch notice, all shareholders may cumulate their votes for candidates in<br \/>\nnomination. The candidates receiving the highest number of votes of shares<br \/>\nentitled to be voted for them, up to the number of directors to be elected,<br \/>\nshall be elected.<\/p>\n<p>     SECTION 7. Waiver of Notice. The transactions of any meeting of<br \/>\nshareholders, either annual or special, however called and noticed, and wherever<br \/>\nheld, shall be as valid as though they had been determined at a meeting duly<br \/>\nheld after regular call and notice, if a quorum be present either in person or<br \/>\nby proxy, and if, either before or after the meeting, each person entitled to<br \/>\nvote, not present in person or by proxy, signs a written waiver of notice or a<br \/>\nconsent to a holding of the meeting, or an approval of the minutes thereof. The<br \/>\nwaiver of notice, consent or approval need not specify either the business to be<br \/>\ntransacted or the purpose of any regular or special meeting of shareholders,<br \/>\nexcept that if action is taken or proposed to be taken for approval of any of<br \/>\nthose matters specified in subparagraph (d) of the third paragraph of Section 2<br \/>\nof this Article II, the waiver of notice, consent or approval shall state the<br \/>\ngeneral nature of such proposal. All such waivers, consents or approvals shall<br \/>\nbe filed with the corporate records or made a part of the minutes of the<br \/>\nmeeting.<\/p>\n<p>     Attendance of a person at a meeting shall also constitute a waiver of<br \/>\nnotice of such meeting, except when the person objects, at the beginning of the<br \/>\nmeeting, to the transaction of any business because the meeting is not lawfully<br \/>\ncalled or convened, and except that attendance at a meeting is not a waiver of<br \/>\nany right to object to the consideration of matters required to be included in<br \/>\nthe notice but not so included if such objection is expressly made at the<br \/>\nmeeting.<\/p>\n<p>     SECTION 8. Action by Written Consent. Directors may be elected without a<br \/>\nmeeting by a consent in writing, setting forth the action so taken, signed by<br \/>\nall of the persons who would be entitled to vote for the election of directors;<br \/>\nin addition a director may be elected at any time to fill a vacancy (other than<br \/>\na vacancy created by removal) not filled by the directors by the written consent<br \/>\nof persons holding a majority of the outstanding shares entitled to vote for the<br \/>\nelection of directors. Notice of such election shall be given to nonconsenting<br \/>\nshareholders if required by this Section 8.<\/p>\n<p>     Any other action which, under any provision of the General Corporation Law,<br \/>\nmay be taken at a meeting of the shareholders, may be taken without a meeting,<br \/>\nand without notice except as hereinafter set forth, if a consent in writing,<br \/>\nsetting forth the action so taken, is signed by the holders of outstanding<br \/>\nshares having not less than the minimum number of votes that would be necessary<br \/>\nto authorize or take such action at a meeting at which all shares entitled to<br \/>\nvote thereon were present and voted. All such consents shall be filed with the<br \/>\nsecretary of the corporation and shall be maintained in the corporate records.<\/p>\n<p>     Unless the consents of all shareholders entitled to vote have been<br \/>\nsolicited in writing:<\/p>\n<p>                                       4<br \/>\n   8<\/p>\n<p>          (a) Notice of any proposed shareholder approval of (i) a contract or<br \/>\nother transaction with an interested director; (ii) indemnification of an agent<br \/>\nof the corporation as authorized by Section 9 of Article IV of these bylaws;<br \/>\n(iii) a reorganization of the corporation as defined in section 181 of the<br \/>\nGeneral Corporation Law; or (iv) a distribution in dissolution other than in<br \/>\naccordance with the rights of outstanding preferred shares, if any, without a<br \/>\nmeeting by less than unanimous written consent, shall be given at least ten (10)<br \/>\ndays before the consummation of the action authorized by such approval; and<\/p>\n<p>          (b) Prompt notice shall be given at the taking of any other corporate<br \/>\naction approved by shareholders without a meeting by less than unanimous written<br \/>\nconsent, to those shareholders entitled to vote who have not consented in<br \/>\nwriting. Such notices shall be given as provided in Section 2 of Article II of<br \/>\nthese Bylaws.<\/p>\n<p>     Any shareholder of record or other person or entity seeking to have the<br \/>\nshareholders authorize or take corporate action by written consent shall, by<br \/>\nwritten notice to the Secretary, request the Board of Directors to fix a record<br \/>\ndate pursuant to Section 6 hereof. The Board of Directors may, at any time<br \/>\nwithin ten (10) days after the date on which such a request is received, adopt a<br \/>\nresolution fixing the record date (unless a record date has previously been<br \/>\nfixed pursuant to Section 6 hereof). If no record date has been fixed by the<br \/>\nBoard of Directors pursuant to Section 6 hereof or otherwise within ten (10)<br \/>\ndays of the date on which such a request is received, the record date for<br \/>\ndetermining shareholders entitled to consent to corporate action in writing<br \/>\nwithout a meeting, when no prior action by the Board of Directors is required by<br \/>\napplicable law, shall be the first date on which a signed written consent<br \/>\nsetting forth the action taken or proposed to be taken is delivered to the<br \/>\nCorporation by delivery to its principal place of business or to any officer or<br \/>\nagent of the Corporation having custody of the book in which proceedings of<br \/>\nmeetings of shareholders are recorded. Delivery shall be by hand or by certified<br \/>\nor registered mail, return receipt requested. If no record date has been fixed<br \/>\nby the Board of Directors and prior action by the Board of Directors is required<br \/>\nby applicable law, the record date for determining shareholders entitled to<br \/>\nconsent to corporate action in writing without a meeting shall be at the close<br \/>\nof business on the date on which the Board of Directors adopts the resolution<br \/>\ntaking such prior action.<\/p>\n<p>     In the event of the delivery, in the manner provided by this Section 8(b),<br \/>\nto the Corporation of the requisite written consent or consents to take<br \/>\ncorporate action and\/or any related revocation or revocations, the Corporation<br \/>\nmay engage independent inspectors of elections for the purpose of performing<br \/>\npromptly a ministerial review of the validity of the consents and revocations.<br \/>\nFor the purpose of permitting the inspectors to perform such review, in the<br \/>\nevent such inspectors are appointed, no action by written consent without a<br \/>\nmeeting shall be effective until such date as such appointed independent<br \/>\ninspectors certify to the Corporation that the consents delivered to the<br \/>\nCorporation in accordance herewith represent at least the minimum number of<br \/>\nvotes that would be necessary to take the corporate action. Nothing contained in<br \/>\nthis Section 8 shall in any way be construed to suggest or imply that the Board<br \/>\nof Directors or any shareholder shall not be entitled to contest the validity of<br \/>\nany consent or revocation thereof, whether before or after any certification by<br \/>\nany independent inspectors, or to take any other action (including, without<br \/>\nlimitation, the commencement, prosecution or defense of any litigation with<br \/>\nrespect thereto, and the seeking of injunctive relief in such litigation).<\/p>\n<p>     Every written consent shall bear the date of signature of each shareholder<br \/>\nwho signs the consent and no written consent shall be effective to take the<br \/>\ncorporate action referred to therein unless, within sixty (60) days of the<br \/>\nearliest dated written consent received in accordance with this Section 8, a<br \/>\nwritten consent or consents signed by a sufficient number of holders to take<br \/>\nsuch action are delivered to the Corporation in the manner prescribed herein.<\/p>\n<p>                                       5<br \/>\n   9<\/p>\n<p>     Any shareholder giving a written consent, or the shareholder&#8217;s proxyholder,<br \/>\nor a transferee of the shares, or a personal representative of the shareholder<br \/>\nor their respective proxyholders, may revoke the consent by a writing received<br \/>\nby the Corporation prior to the time that written consents by the number of<br \/>\nshares required to authorize the proposed action have been filed with the<br \/>\nSecretary of the Corporation, but may not do so thereafter. Such revocation is<br \/>\neffective upon its receipt by the Secretary of the Corporation.<\/p>\n<p>     SECTION 9. Proxies. Every person entitled to vote shares or execute<br \/>\nconsents shall have the right to do so either in person or by one or more agents<br \/>\nauthorized by a written proxy executed by such person or his duly authorized<br \/>\nagent and delivered to the secretary of the corporation. A proxy shall be deemed<br \/>\nexecuted if the shareholder&#8217;s name is placed on the proxy (whether by manual<br \/>\nsignature, typewriting, telegraphic transmission or otherwise) by the<br \/>\nshareholder or the shareholder&#8217;s attorney in fact. Any proxy duly executed which<br \/>\ndoes not state that it is irrevocable shall continue in full force and effect<br \/>\nuntil (i) a writing stating that the proxy is revoked is delivered to the<br \/>\nsecretary of the corporation, (ii) a proxy bearing a later date is executed by<br \/>\nthe person who executed the prior proxy and is presented to the meeting, (iii)<br \/>\nas to any meeting, by attendance at such meeting and voting in person by the<br \/>\nperson executing the proxy or (iv) written notice of the death or incapacity of<br \/>\nthe maker of such proxy is received by the corporation before the vote pursuant<br \/>\nthereto is counted; provided that no such proxy shall be valid after the<br \/>\nexpiration of eleven (11) months from the date of its execution, unless<br \/>\notherwise provided in the proxy. The revocability of a proxy which states on its<br \/>\nface that it is irrevocable shall be governed by the provisions of sections<br \/>\n705(e) and (f) of the General Corporation Law.<\/p>\n<p>     SECTION 10. Inspectors of Election. In advance of any meeting of<br \/>\nshareholders, the board of directors may appoint any persons other than nominees<br \/>\nfor office as inspectors of election to act at such meeting and any adjournment<br \/>\nthereof. If inspectors of election be not so appointed, the chairman of any such<br \/>\nmeeting may, and on the request of any shareholder or his proxy shall, make such<br \/>\nappointment at the meeting. The number of inspectors shall be either one or<br \/>\nthree. If appointed at a meeting on the request of one or more shareholders or<br \/>\nproxies, the majority of shares represented in person or by proxy shall<br \/>\ndetermine whether one or three inspectors are to be appointed. In case any<br \/>\nperson appointed as inspector fails to appear or fails or refuses to act, the<br \/>\nvacancy may and on the request of any shareholder or a shareholder&#8217;s proxy<br \/>\nshall, be filled by appointment by the board of directors in advance of the<br \/>\nmeeting, or at the meeting by the chairman of the meeting.<\/p>\n<p>     The duties of such inspectors shall be as prescribed by section 707 of the<br \/>\nGeneral Corporation Law and shall include: determining the number of shares<br \/>\noutstanding and the voting power of each, the shares represented at the meeting,<br \/>\nthe existence of a quorum, the authenticity, validity and effect of proxies;<br \/>\nreceiving votes, ballots or consents; hearing and determining all challenges and<br \/>\nquestions in any way arising in connection with the right to vote; counting and<br \/>\ntabulating all votes or consents; determining when the polls shall close;<br \/>\ndetermining the result; and such acts as may be proper to conduct the election<br \/>\nor vote with fairness to all shareholders. In the determination of the validity<br \/>\nand effect of proxies the dates contained on the forms of proxy shall<br \/>\npresumptively determine the order of execution of the proxies, regardless of the<br \/>\npostmark dates on the envelopes in which they are mailed.<\/p>\n<p>     The inspectors of election shall perform their duties impartially, in good<br \/>\nfaith, to the best of their ability and as expeditiously as is practical. If<br \/>\nthere are three inspectors of election, the decision, act or certificate of a<br \/>\nmajority is effective in all respects as the decision, act or certificate of<br \/>\nall. Any report or certificate made by the inspectors of election is prima facie<br \/>\nevidence of the facts stated therein.<\/p>\n<p>                                       6<br \/>\n   10<\/p>\n<p>     SECTION 11. Nominations and Proposals. Nominations of persons for election<br \/>\nto the Board of Directors of the Corporation and the proposal of business to be<br \/>\nconsidered by the shareholders may be made at any meeting of shareholders only<br \/>\n(a) pursuant to the Corporation&#8217;s notice of meeting, (b) by or at the direction<br \/>\nof the Board of Directors or (c) by any shareholder of the Corporation who was a<br \/>\nshareholder of record at the time of giving of notice provided for in these<br \/>\nbylaws, who is entitled to vote at the meeting and who complies with the notice<br \/>\nprocedures set forth in this Section 11.<\/p>\n<p>     For nominations or other business to be properly brought before a<br \/>\nshareholders meeting by a shareholder pursuant to clause (c) of the preceding<br \/>\nsentence, the shareholder must have given timely notice thereof in writing to<br \/>\nthe Secretary of the Corporation and such other business must otherwise be a<br \/>\nproper matter for shareholder action. To be timely, a shareholder&#8217;s notice shall<br \/>\nbe delivered to the Secretary at the principal executive offices of the<br \/>\nCorporation not later than the close of business on the 60th day nor earlier<br \/>\nthan the close of business on the 90th day prior to the meeting; provided,<br \/>\nhowever, that in the event that less than 65 days notice of the meeting is given<br \/>\nto shareholders, notice by the shareholder to be timely must be so delivered not<br \/>\nearlier than the close of business on the seventh (7th) day following the day on<br \/>\nwhich the notice of meeting was mailed. In no event shall the public<br \/>\nannouncement of an adjournment of a shareholders meeting commence a new time<br \/>\nperiod for the giving of a shareholder&#8217;s notice as described above. Such<br \/>\nshareholder&#8217;s notice shall set forth (a) as to each person whom the shareholder<br \/>\nproposes to nominate for election or reelection as a director all information<br \/>\nrelating to such person that is required to be disclosed in solicitations of<br \/>\nproxies for election of directors in an election contest, or is otherwise<br \/>\nrequired, in each case pursuant to Regulation 14A under the Securities Exchange<br \/>\nAct of 1934, as amended (or any successor thereto) and Rule 14a-11 thereunder<br \/>\n(or any successor thereto) (including such person&#8217;s written consent to being<br \/>\nnamed in the proxy statement as a nominee and to serving as a director if<br \/>\nelected); (b) as to any other business that the shareholder proposes to bring<br \/>\nbefore the meeting, a brief description of the business desired to be brought<br \/>\nbefore the meeting, the reasons for conducting such business at the meeting and<br \/>\nany material interest in such business of such shareholder and the beneficial<br \/>\nowner, if any, on whose behalf the proposal is made; and (c) as to the<br \/>\nshareholder giving the notice and the beneficial owner, if any, on whose behalf<br \/>\nthe nomination or proposal is made (i) the name and address of such shareholder,<br \/>\nas they appear on the Corporation&#8217;s books, and of such beneficial owner, and<br \/>\n(ii) the class and number of shares of the Corporation which are owned<br \/>\nbeneficially and of record by such shareholder and such beneficial owner.<br \/>\nNotwithstanding any provision herein to the contrary, no business shall be<br \/>\nconducted at a shareholders meeting except in accordance with the procedures set<br \/>\nforth in this Section 11.<\/p>\n<p>                                  ARTICLE III.<\/p>\n<p>                               BOARD OF DIRECTORS<\/p>\n<p>     SECTION 1. Powers of the Board. Subject to the provisions of the General<br \/>\nCorporation Law and any limitations in the articles of incorporation and these<br \/>\nbylaws as to action to be authorized or approved by the shareholders, the<br \/>\nbusiness and affairs of the corporation shall be managed and all corporate<br \/>\npowers shall be exercised by or under the direction of the board of directors.<br \/>\nWithout prejudice to such general powers, but subject to the same limitations,<br \/>\nit is hereby expressly declared that the board of directors shall have the<br \/>\nfollowing powers:<\/p>\n<p>         First: To conduct, manage and control the affairs and business of the<br \/>\ncorporation and to make such rules and regulations therefor, not inconsistent<br \/>\nwith law or with the articles of incorporation or with these bylaws, as they may<br \/>\ndeem best;<\/p>\n<p>                                       7<br \/>\n   11<\/p>\n<p>         Second: To elect and remove at pleasure the officers, agents and<br \/>\nemployees of the corporation, prescribe their duties and fix their compensation;<\/p>\n<p>          Third: To authorize the issue of shares of stock of the corporation<br \/>\nfrom time to time upon such terms as may be lawful, in consideration of money<br \/>\npaid, labor done, services actually rendered to the corporation or for its<br \/>\nbenefit or in its formation or reorganization, debts or securities canceled, and<br \/>\ntangible or intangible property actually received, but neither promissory notes<br \/>\nof the purchaser (unless adequately secured by collateral other than the shares<br \/>\nacquired or unless permitted by section 408 of the General Corporation Law) nor<br \/>\nfuture services shall constitute payment or part payment for the shares of the<br \/>\ncorporation;<\/p>\n<p>          Fourth: To borrow money and incur indebtedness for the purposes of the<br \/>\ncorporation and to cause to be executed and delivered therefor, in the corporate<br \/>\nname, promissory notes, bonds, debentures, deeds of trust, mortgages, pledges,<br \/>\nhypothecations or other evidences of debt and securities therefor;<\/p>\n<p>          Fifth: To alter, repeal or amend, from time to time, and at any time,<br \/>\nthese bylaws and any and all amendments of the same, and from time to time, and<br \/>\nat any time, to make and adopt such new and additional bylaws as may be<br \/>\nnecessary and proper, subject to the power of the shareholders to adopt, amend<br \/>\nor repeal such bylaws, or to revoke the delegation of authority of the<br \/>\ndirectors, as provided by law or by Article VIII of these bylaws; and<\/p>\n<p>          Sixth: By resolution adopted by a majority of the authorized number of<br \/>\ndirectors, to designate an executive and\/or other committees, each consisting of<br \/>\ntwo or more directors, to serve at the pleasure of the board, and to prescribe<br \/>\nthe manner in which proceedings of such committee shall be conducted. The<br \/>\nappointment of members or alternate members (who may replace any absent member<br \/>\nat any meeting of the committee) of a committee requires the vote of a majority<br \/>\nof the authorized number of directors. Any such committee, to the extent<br \/>\nprovided in a resolution of the board, shall have all of the authority of the<br \/>\nboard, except with respect to:<\/p>\n<p>             (i)  The approval of any action for which the General Corporation<br \/>\nLaw or the articles of incorporation also require shareholder approval;<\/p>\n<p>             (ii) The filling of vacancies on the board or in any committee;<\/p>\n<p>             (iii) The fixing of compensation of the directors for serving on<br \/>\nthe board or on any committee;<\/p>\n<p>             (iv) The adoption, amendment or repeal of bylaws;<\/p>\n<p>             (v) The amendment or repeal of any resolution of the board which<br \/>\nby its express terms is not so amendable or repealable;<\/p>\n<p>             (vi) Any distribution to the shareholders, except at a rate or in a<br \/>\nperiodic amount or within a price range determined by the board; and<\/p>\n<p>             (vii) The appointment of other committees of the board or the<br \/>\nmembers thereof.<\/p>\n<p>     SECTION 2. Number of Directors. The number of directors of the corporation<br \/>\nshall be not less than five (5) nor more than nine (9). The exact number of<br \/>\ndirectors shall be five (7) until changed, within the limits specified above, by<br \/>\na bylaw amending this Section 3.2, duly adopted by the board of directors or by<br \/>\nthe shareholders. The indefinite number of directors may be changed, or a<br \/>\ndefinite number may be fixed without <\/p>\n<p>                                       8<br \/>\n   12<\/p>\n<p>provision for an indefinite number, by a duly adopted amendment to the articles<br \/>\nof incorporation or by an amendment to this bylaw duly adopted by the vote or<br \/>\nwritten consent of holders of a majority of the outstanding shares entitled to<br \/>\nvote; provided, however, that an amendment reducing the fixed number of or the<br \/>\nminimum number of directors to a number less than five (5) cannot be adopted if<br \/>\nthe votes cast against its adoption at a meeting, or the shares not consenting<br \/>\nin the case of an action by written consent, are equal to more than sixteen and<br \/>\ntwo-thirds percent (16 2\/3%) of the outstanding shares entitled to vote thereon.<br \/>\nNo amendment may change the stated maximum number of authorized directors to a<br \/>\nnumber greater than two (2) times the stated minimum number of directors minus<br \/>\none (1). No reduction of the authorized number of directors shall have the<br \/>\neffect of removing any director before the director&#8217;s term of office expires.<\/p>\n<p>     SECTION 3. Election of Directors. The directors shall be elected at each<br \/>\nannual meeting of shareholders, but if any such annual meeting is not held or<br \/>\nthe directors are not elected thereat, the directors may be elected at any<br \/>\nspecial meeting of shareholders held for that purpose. Each director, including<br \/>\na director elected to fill a vacancy, shall hold office until his successor is<br \/>\nelected, except as otherwise provided by statute.<\/p>\n<p>     SECTION 4. Vacancies; Resignation. A vacancy in the board of directors<br \/>\nshall be deemed to exist in case of the death, resignation or removal of any<br \/>\ndirector, if the authorized number of directors be increased, or if the<br \/>\nshareholders fail, at any annual or special meeting of shareholders at which any<br \/>\ndirector or directors are elected, to elect the full authorized number of<br \/>\ndirectors to be voted for at that meeting. The board of directors may declare<br \/>\nvacant the office of a director who has been declared of unsound mind by an<br \/>\norder of court or has been convicted of a felony.<\/p>\n<p>     Vacancies in the board of directors, except for a vacancy created by the<br \/>\nremoval of a director, may be filled by a majority of the directors then in<br \/>\noffice, whether or not less than a quorum, or by a sole remaining director, and<br \/>\neach director so elected shall hold office until his successor is elected at an<br \/>\nannual or a special meeting of the shareholders. A vacancy in the board of<br \/>\ndirectors created by the removal of a director may only be filled by the vote of<br \/>\na majority of the shares represented and voting at a duly held meeting at which<br \/>\na quorum is present (which shares voting affirmatively also constitute at least<br \/>\na majority of the required quorum), or by the written consent of the holders of<br \/>\nall of the outstanding shares.<\/p>\n<p>     The shareholders may elect a director or directors at any time to fill any<br \/>\nvacancy or vacancies not filled by the directors. Any such election by written<br \/>\nconsent other than to fill a vacancy created by removal shall require the<br \/>\nconsent of holders of a majority of the outstanding shares entitled to vote.<\/p>\n<p>     Any director may resign effective upon giving written notice to the<br \/>\nchairman of the board, the president, the secretary or the board of directors of<br \/>\nthe corporation, unless the notice specifies a later time for the effectiveness<br \/>\nof such resignation. If the board of directors accepts the resignation of a<br \/>\ndirector tendered to take effect at a future time, the board or the shareholders<br \/>\nshall have power to elect a successor to take office when the resignation is to<br \/>\nbecome effective.<\/p>\n<p>     No reduction of the authorized number of the directors shall have the<br \/>\neffect of removing any director prior to the expiration of his term of office.<\/p>\n<p>                                       9<br \/>\n   13<\/p>\n<p>                                   ARTICLE IV.<\/p>\n<p>                              MEETINGS OF DIRECTORS<\/p>\n<p>     SECTION 1. Location of Meetings. Regular meetings of the board of directors<br \/>\nshall be held at any place within or without the State of California that has<br \/>\nbeen designated from time to time by the board of directors. In the absence of<br \/>\nsuch designation, regular meetings shall be held at the principal executive<br \/>\noffice of the corporation, except as provided in Section 2. Special meetings of<br \/>\nthe board of directors may be held at any place within or without the State of<br \/>\nCalifornia which has been designated in the notice of the meeting, or, if not<br \/>\ndesignated in the notice or if there is no notice, at the principal executive<br \/>\noffice of the corporation.<\/p>\n<p>      SECTION 2. Regular Meetings. Immediately following each annual meeting of<br \/>\nthe shareholders there shall be a regular meeting of the board of directors of<br \/>\nthe corporation at the place of said annual meeting or at such other place as<br \/>\nshall have been designated by the board of directors for the purpose of<br \/>\norganization, election of officers and the transaction of other business. Other<br \/>\nregular meetings of the board of directors shall be held without call on such<br \/>\ndate and time as may be fixed by the board of directors; provided, however, that<br \/>\nshould any such day fall on a legal holiday, then said meeting shall be held at<br \/>\nthe same time on the next business day thereafter ensuing which is not a legal<br \/>\nholiday. Notice of regular meetings of the directors is hereby dispensed with<br \/>\nand no notice whatever of any such meeting need be given, provided that notice<br \/>\nof any change in the time or place of regular meetings shall be given to all of<br \/>\nthe directors in the same manner as notice for special meetings of the board of<br \/>\ndirectors.<\/p>\n<p>     SECTION 3. Special Meetings; Notice. Special meetings of the board of<br \/>\ndirectors for any purpose or purposes may be called at any time by the chairman<br \/>\nof the board or president or, if both the chairman of the board and the<br \/>\npresident are absent or are unable or refuse to act, by any vice president or by<br \/>\nany two directors. Notice of the time and place of special meetings shall be<br \/>\ndelivered personally or by telephone to each director, or sent by first-class<br \/>\nmail or telegram or facsimile transmission, charges prepaid, addressed to him at<br \/>\nhis address as it appears upon the records of the corporation or, if it is not<br \/>\nso shown on the records and is not readily ascertainable, at the place at which<br \/>\nthe meetings of the directors are regularly held. In case such notice is mailed,<br \/>\nit shall be deposited in the United States mail at least four (4) days prior to<br \/>\nthe time of the holding of the meeting. In case such notice is delivered<br \/>\npersonally, telephoned, telegraphed or sent by facsimile transmission, it shall<br \/>\nbe delivered to the director or transmitted to the director at least forty-eight<br \/>\n(48) hours prior to the time of the holding of the meeting. Any notice given<br \/>\npersonally or by telephone, telegraph or facsimile may be communicated to either<br \/>\nthe director or to a person at the office of the director whom the person giving<br \/>\nthe notice has reason to believe will promptly communicate it to the director.<br \/>\nSuch deposit in the mail, delivery to a common carrier, transmission by<br \/>\nelectronic means or delivery, personally or by telephone, as above provided,<br \/>\nshall be due, legal and personal notice to such directors. The notice need not<br \/>\nspecify the place of the meeting if the meeting is to be held at the principal<br \/>\nexecutive office of the corporation, and need not specify the purpose of the<br \/>\nmeeting.<\/p>\n<p>     SECTION 4. Quorum. Presence of a majority of the authorized number of<br \/>\ndirectors at a meeting of the board of directors constitutes a quorum for the<br \/>\ntransaction of business, except as hereinafter provided. Members of the board<br \/>\nmay participate in a meeting through use of conference telephone or similar<br \/>\ncommunications equipment, so long as all members participating in such meeting<br \/>\ncan hear one another. Every act or decision done or made by a majority of the<br \/>\ndirectors present at a meeting duly held at which a quorum is present shall be<br \/>\nregarded as the act of the board of directors, subject to the provisions of<br \/>\nsections 310, 311 and 317 of the General Corporation Law. A meeting at which a<br \/>\nquorum is initially present may continue to transact business notwithstanding<br \/>\nthe withdrawal of directors, provided that any action taken is approved by at<br \/>\nleast a majority of the required quorum for such meeting. A majority of the<br \/>\ndirectors present, whether or not a quorum is present, may adjourn any meeting<br \/>\nto another time and place. If the meeting is adjourned for more than twenty-four<br \/>\n(24) hours, notice of any adjournment to another time <\/p>\n<p>                                       10<br \/>\n   14<\/p>\n<p>or place (other than adjournments until the time fixed for the next regular<br \/>\nmeeting of the board of directors, as to which no notice is required) shall be<br \/>\ngiven prior to the time of the adjourned meeting to the directors who were not<br \/>\npresent at the time of the adjournment.<\/p>\n<p>     SECTION 5. Waiver of Notice. Notice of a meeting need not be given to any<br \/>\ndirector who signs a waiver of notice or a consent to holding the meeting or an<br \/>\napproval of the minutes thereof, whether before or after the meeting, or who<br \/>\nattends the meeting without protesting, prior thereto or at its commencement,<br \/>\nthe lack of notice to such director. All such waivers, consents and approvals<br \/>\nshall be filed with the corporate records or made a part of the minutes of the<br \/>\nmeeting.<\/p>\n<p>     SECTION 6. Action by Written Consent. Any action required or permitted to<br \/>\nbe taken by the board of directors, may be taken without a meeting if all<br \/>\nmembers of the board shall individually or collectively consent in writing to<br \/>\nsuch action. Such written consent or consents shall be filed with the minutes of<br \/>\nthe proceedings of the board. Such action by written consent shall have the same<br \/>\nforce and effect as a unanimous vote of such directors.<\/p>\n<p>     SECTION 7. Committees. The provisions of this Article IV shall also apply,<br \/>\nwith necessary changes in points of detail, to committees of the board of<br \/>\ndirectors, if any, and to actions by such committees (except for the first<br \/>\nsentence of Section 2 of Article IV, which shall not apply, and except that<br \/>\nspecial meetings of a committee may also be called at any time by any two<br \/>\nmembers of the committee), unless otherwise provided by these bylaws or by the<br \/>\nresolution of the board of directors designating such committees. For such<br \/>\npurpose, references to &#8220;the board&#8221; or &#8220;the board of directors&#8221; shall be deemed<br \/>\nto refer to each such committee and references to &#8220;directors&#8221; and &#8220;members of<br \/>\nthe board&#8221; shall be deemed to refer to members of the committee.<\/p>\n<p>     SECTION 8. Compensation of Directors. Directors and members of committees<br \/>\nmay receive such compensation, if any, for their services, and such<br \/>\nreimbursement for expenses, as may be fixed or determined by resolution of the<br \/>\nboard.<\/p>\n<p>     SECTION 9. Indemnification. The corporation shall, to the maximum extent<br \/>\npermitted by the General Corporation Law, indemnify each of its agents against<br \/>\nexpenses, judgments, fines, settlements and other amounts actually and<br \/>\nreasonably incurred in connection with any proceeding arising by reason of the<br \/>\nfact that any such person is or was an agent of the corporation. For purposes of<br \/>\nthis Section, an &#8220;agent&#8221; of the corporation includes any person who is or was a<br \/>\ndirector, officer, employee or other agent of the corporation, or who is or was<br \/>\nserving at the request of the corporation as a director, officer, employee or<br \/>\nagent of another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust or other<br \/>\nenterprise, or who was a director, officer, employee or agent of a corporation<br \/>\nwhich was a predecessor of the corporation or of another enterprise at the<br \/>\nrequest of such predecessor corporation.<\/p>\n<p>                                       11<br \/>\n   15<\/p>\n<p>                                   ARTICLE V.<\/p>\n<p>                                    OFFICERS<\/p>\n<p>     SECTION 1. Designation of Officers. The officers of the corporation shall<br \/>\nbe a chairman of the board or a president, or both, a secretary, and a<br \/>\ntreasurer, who shall also be the chief financial officer of the corporation. The<br \/>\ncorporation may also have, at the discretion of the board of directors, one or<br \/>\nmore vice presidents, one or more assistant secretaries, one or more assistant<br \/>\ntreasurers, and such other officers as may be designated from time to time by<br \/>\nthe board of directors. Any number of offices may be held by the same person.<br \/>\nThe officers shall be elected by the board of directors and shall hold office at<br \/>\nthe pleasure of such board.<\/p>\n<p>     SECTION 2. Chairman of the Board. The chairman of the board, if there be<br \/>\nsuch officer, shall, if present, preside at all meetings of the board of<br \/>\ndirectors and exercise and perform such other powers and duties as may be from<br \/>\ntime to time assigned to him by the board of directors or prescribed by the<br \/>\nbylaws. If there is not a president, the chairman of the board shall, in<br \/>\naddition, be the general manager and chief executive officer of the corporation<br \/>\nand shall have the powers and duties prescribed in Section 3 of Article V of<br \/>\nthese bylaws.<\/p>\n<p>     SECTION 3. President. Subject to such powers and duties, if any, as may be<br \/>\nprescribed by these bylaws or the board of directors for the chairman of the<br \/>\nboard, if there be such officer, the president shall be the general manager and<br \/>\nchief executive officer of the corporation and shall, subject to the control of<br \/>\nthe board of directors, have general supervision, direction and control of the<br \/>\nbusiness and officers of the corporation. He shall preside at all meetings of<br \/>\nthe shareholders and, in the absence of the chairman of the board, or if there<br \/>\nbe none, at all meetings of the board of directors. He shall have all of the<br \/>\npowers and shall perform all of the duties which are ordinarily inherent in the<br \/>\noffice of the president, and he shall have such further powers and shall perform<br \/>\nsuch further duties as may be prescribed for him by the board of directors.<\/p>\n<p>     SECTION 4. Vice Presidents. In the absence or disability or refusal to act<br \/>\nof the president, the vice presidents in order of their rank as fixed by the<br \/>\nboard of directors, or, if not ranked, the vice president designated by the<br \/>\npresident or the board of directors, shall perform all of the duties of the<br \/>\npresident and when so acting shall have all the powers of and be subject to all<br \/>\nthe restrictions upon the president. The vice presidents shall have such other<br \/>\npowers and perform such other duties as from time to time may be prescribed for<br \/>\nthem, respectively, by the board of directors or the bylaws.<\/p>\n<p>     SECTION 5. Secretary. The secretary shall keep or cause to be kept at the<br \/>\nprincipal executive office of the corporation or such other place as the board<br \/>\nof directors may order, a book of minutes of all proceedings of the<br \/>\nshareholders, the board of directors and committees of the board, with the time<br \/>\nand place of holding, whether regular or special, and if special how authorized,<br \/>\nthe notice thereof given, the names of those present at directors&#8217; and committee<br \/>\nmeetings, and the number of shares present or represented at shareholders&#8217;<br \/>\nmeetings. The secretary shall keep or cause to be kept at the principal<br \/>\nexecutive office or at the office of the corporation&#8217;s transfer agent a record<br \/>\nof shareholders or a duplicate record of shareholders showing the names of the<br \/>\nshareholders and their addresses, the number of shares and classes of shares<br \/>\nheld by each, the number and date of certificates issued for the same and the<br \/>\nnumber and date of cancellation of every certificate surrendered for<br \/>\ncancellation. The secretary or an assistant secretary, or, if they are absent or<br \/>\nunable or refuse to act, any other officer of the corporation, shall give or<br \/>\ncause to be given notice of all the meetings of the shareholders, the board of<br \/>\ndirectors and committees of the board required by the bylaws or by law to be<br \/>\ngiven, and he shall keep the seal of the corporation, if any, in safe <\/p>\n<p>                                       12<br \/>\n   16<\/p>\n<p>custody and shall have such other powers and perform such other duties as may be<br \/>\nprescribed by the board of directors or by the bylaws.<\/p>\n<p>     SECTION 6. Assistant Secretary. It shall be the duty of the assistant<br \/>\nsecretaries to assist the secretary in the performance of his duties and<br \/>\ngenerally to perform such other duties as may be delegated to them by the board<br \/>\nof directors.<\/p>\n<p>     SECTION 7. Treasurer. The treasurer shall be the chief financial officer of<br \/>\nthe corporation and shall keep and maintain, or cause to be kept and maintained,<br \/>\nadequate and correct books and records of account of the corporation. He shall<br \/>\nreceive and deposit all moneys and other valuables belonging to the corporation<br \/>\nin the name and to the credit of the corporation and shall disburse the same<br \/>\nonly in such manner as the board of directors or the appropriate officers of the<br \/>\ncorporation may from time to time determine, shall render to the president and<br \/>\nthe board of directors, whenever they request it, an account of all his<br \/>\ntransactions as treasurer and of the financial condition of the corporation, and<br \/>\nshall perform such further duties as the board of directors may require.<\/p>\n<p>     SECTION 8. Assistant Treasurer. It shall be the duty of the assistant<br \/>\ntreasurers to assist the treasurer in the performance of his duties and<br \/>\ngenerally to perform such other duties as may be delegated to them by the board<br \/>\nof directors.<\/p>\n<p>                                   ARTICLE VI.<\/p>\n<p>                                  MISCELLANEOUS<\/p>\n<p>     SECTION 1. Record Date. The board of directors may fix a time in the future<br \/>\nas a record date for the determination of the shareholders entitled to notice of<br \/>\nand to vote at any meeting of shareholders or entitled to give consent to<br \/>\ncorporate action in writing without a meeting, to receive any report, to receive<br \/>\nany dividend or distribution, or any allotment of rights, or to exercise rights<br \/>\nin respect to any change, conversion, or exchange of shares. The record date so<br \/>\nfixed shall be not more than sixty (60) days nor less than ten (10) days prior<br \/>\nto the date of any meeting, nor more than sixty (60) days prior to any other<br \/>\nevent for the purposes of which it is fixed. When a record date is so fixed,<br \/>\nonly shareholders of record at the close of business on that date are entitled<br \/>\nto notice of and to vote at any such meeting, to give consent without a meeting,<br \/>\nto receive any report, to receive a dividend, distribution, or allotment of<br \/>\nrights, or to exercise the rights, as the case may be, notwithstanding any<br \/>\ntransfer of any shares on the books of the corporation after the record date,<br \/>\nexcept as otherwise provided by statute or in the articles of incorporation or<br \/>\nbylaws.<\/p>\n<p>     If the board of directors does not so fix a record date:<\/p>\n<p>          (a) The record date for determining shareholders entitled to notice of<br \/>\nor to vote at a meeting of shareholders shall be at the close of business on the<br \/>\nbusiness day next preceding the day on which notice is given or, if notice is<br \/>\nwaived, at the close of business on the business day next preceding the day on<br \/>\nwhich the meeting is held.<\/p>\n<p>          (b) The record date for determining shareholders entitled to give<br \/>\nconsent to corporate action in writing without a meeting, when no prior action<br \/>\nby the board has been taken, shall be the day on which the first written consent<br \/>\nis given.<\/p>\n<p>          (c) The record date for determining shareholders for any other purpose<br \/>\nshall be at the close of business on the day on which the board adopts the<br \/>\nresolution relating thereto, or the sixtieth (60th) day prior to the date of<br \/>\nsuch other action, whichever is later.<\/p>\n<p>                                       13<br \/>\n   17<\/p>\n<p>     SECTION 2. Inspection of Corporate Records. The accounting books and<br \/>\nrecords, the record of shareholders, and minutes of proceedings of the<br \/>\nshareholders and the board and committees of the board of this corporation and<br \/>\nany subsidiary of this corporation shall be open to inspection upon the written<br \/>\ndemand on the corporation of any shareholder or holder of a voting trust<br \/>\ncertificate at any reasonable time during usual business hours, for a purpose<br \/>\nreasonably related to such holder&#8217;s interests as a shareholder or as the holder<br \/>\nof such voting trust certificate. Such inspection by a shareholder or holder of<br \/>\na voting trust certificate may be made in person or by agent or attorney, and<br \/>\nthe right of inspection includes the right to copy and make extracts.<\/p>\n<p>     Every director shall have the absolute right at any reasonable time to<br \/>\ninspect and copy all books, records and documents of every kind and to inspect<br \/>\nthe physical properties of the corporation and its subsidiary corporations. Such<br \/>\ninspection by a director may be made in person or by agent or attorney and the<br \/>\nright of inspection includes the right to copy and make extracts.<\/p>\n<p>     SECTION 3. Certificates for Shares. Every holder of shares in the<br \/>\ncorporation shall be entitled to have a certificate signed in the name of the<br \/>\ncorporation by the chairman or vice chairman of the board or the president or a<br \/>\nvice president and by the treasurer or an assistant treasurer or the secretary<br \/>\nor any assistant secretary, certifying the number of shares and the class or<br \/>\nseries of shares owned by the shareholder. Any or all of the signatures on the<br \/>\ncertificate may be facsimile.<\/p>\n<p>     Any such certificate shall contain such legend or other statement as may be<br \/>\nrequired by the California Corporate Securities Law of 1968, the Federal<br \/>\nsecurities laws, and any agreement between the corporation and the issuee<br \/>\nthereof.<\/p>\n<p>     Certificates for shares may be issued prior to full payment under such<br \/>\nrestrictions and for such purposes as the board of directors or the bylaws may<br \/>\nprovide; provided, however, that any such certificate so issued prior to full<br \/>\npayment shall state on the face thereof the amount remaining unpaid and the<br \/>\nterms of payment thereof.<\/p>\n<p>     SECTION 4. Representation of Shares of Other Corporations. The president or<br \/>\nany vice president or the secretary or any assistant secretary of this<br \/>\ncorporation is authorized to vote, represent and exercise on behalf of this<br \/>\ncorporation all rights incident to any and all shares of any other corporation<br \/>\nor corporations standing in the name of this corporation. The authority herein<br \/>\ngranted to said officers to vote or represent on behalf of this corporation any<br \/>\nand all shares held by this corporation in any other corporation or corporations<br \/>\nmay be exercised either by such officers in person or by any other person<br \/>\nauthorized so to do by proxy or power of attorney duly executed by said<br \/>\nofficers.<\/p>\n<p>     SECTION 5. Inspection of Bylaws. The corporation shall keep in its<br \/>\nprincipal executive office in California, or if its principal executive office<br \/>\nis not in California, then at its principal business office in California (or<br \/>\notherwise provide upon written request of any shareholder), the original or a<br \/>\ncopy of the bylaws as amended to date, certified by the secretary, which shall<br \/>\nbe open to inspection by the shareholders at all reasonable times during office<br \/>\nhours.<\/p>\n<p>     SECTION 6. Construction and Definitions. Unless the context otherwise<br \/>\nrequires, the general provisions, rules of construction and definitions<br \/>\ncontained in the General Corporation Law shall govern the construction of these<br \/>\nbylaws. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, the masculine gender<br \/>\nincludes the feminine and neuter, the singular number includes the plural and<br \/>\nthe plural number includes the singular, and the term &#8220;person&#8221; includes a<br \/>\ncorporation as well as a natural person.<\/p>\n<p>                                       14<br \/>\n   18<\/p>\n<p>                                  ARTICLE VII.<\/p>\n<p>                                   AMENDMENTS<\/p>\n<p>     SECTION 1. Amendment by Shareholders. New bylaws may be adopted or these<br \/>\nbylaws may be amended or repealed by the affirmative vote or written consent of<br \/>\na majority of the outstanding shares entitled to vote, except as otherwise<br \/>\nprovided by law or by the articles of incorporation or these bylaws.<\/p>\n<p>     SECTION 2. Amendment by Board of Directors. Subject to the right of<br \/>\nshareholders as provided in Section 1 of this Article to adopt, amend or repeal<br \/>\nbylaws, and except as otherwise provided by law or by the articles of<br \/>\nincorporation, bylaws (other than a bylaw or amendment thereof changing the<br \/>\nauthorized maximum or minimum number of directors) may be adopted, amended or<br \/>\nrepealed by the board of directors.<\/p>\n<p>                                  ARTICLE VIII.<\/p>\n<p>                            ANNUAL AND OTHER REPORTS<\/p>\n<p>     SECTION 1. Annual Report to Shareholders.<\/p>\n<p>          (a) So long as the corporation shall have fewer than one hundred<br \/>\nshareholders of record (determined as provided in section 605 of the General<br \/>\nCorporation Law), the requirement of section 1501(a) of said law that an annual<br \/>\nreport be sent to the shareholders is expressly waived.<\/p>\n<p>          (b) Notwithstanding subdivision (a) of this Section, the corporation<br \/>\nshall, upon the written request of any shareholder made more than one hundred<br \/>\ntwenty (120) days after the close of a fiscal year, deliver or mail to the<br \/>\nperson making the request, within thirty (30) days thereafter, the financial<br \/>\nstatements required by section 1501(a) of the General Corporation Law.<\/p>\n<p>     SECTION 2. Request for Financial Statements. A shareholder or shareholders<br \/>\nholding at least five percent (5%) of the outstanding shares of any class of the<br \/>\ncorporation may make a written request to the corporation for an income<br \/>\nstatement of the corporation for the three-month, six-month or nine-month period<br \/>\nof the current fiscal year ended more than thirty (30) days prior to the date of<br \/>\nthe request and a balance sheet of the corporation as of the end of such period<br \/>\nand, in addition, if no annual report for the last fiscal year has been sent to<br \/>\nshareholders, the statements referred to in section 1501(a) of the General<br \/>\nCorporation Law for the last fiscal year. The corporation shall deliver or mail<br \/>\nthe statements to the person making the request within thirty (30) days<br \/>\nthereafter. A copy of any such statements shall be kept on file in the principal<br \/>\nexecutive office of the corporation for twelve (12) months and they shall be<br \/>\nexhibited at all reasonable times to any shareholder demanding an examination of<br \/>\nthem or a copy shall be mailed to such shareholder. The quarterly income<br \/>\nstatements and balance sheets referred to in this Section shall be accompanied<br \/>\nby the report thereon, if any, of any independent accountants engaged by the<br \/>\ncorporation or the certificate of an authorized officer of the corporation that<br \/>\nsuch financial statements were prepared without audit from the books and records<br \/>\nof the corporation.<\/p>\n<p>                                       15<\/p>\n","protected":false},"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_stopmodifiedupdate":true,"_modified_date":"","_cloudinary_featured_overwrite":false},"corporate_contracts_companies":[6538],"corporate_contracts_industries":[9508],"corporate_contracts_types":[9573,9574],"class_list":["post-41489","corporate_contracts","type-corporate_contracts","status-publish","hentry","corporate_contracts_companies-3dfx-interactive-inc","corporate_contracts_industries-technology__hardware","corporate_contracts_types-formation","corporate_contracts_types-formation__bylaws"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/corporate.findlaw.com\/legal-api\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/corporate_contracts\/41489","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/corporate.findlaw.com\/legal-api\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/corporate_contracts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/corporate.findlaw.com\/legal-api\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/corporate_contracts"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/corporate.findlaw.com\/legal-api\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=41489"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"corporate_contracts_companies","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/corporate.findlaw.com\/legal-api\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/corporate_contracts_companies?post=41489"},{"taxonomy":"corporate_contracts_industries","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/corporate.findlaw.com\/legal-api\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/corporate_contracts_industries?post=41489"},{"taxonomy":"corporate_contracts_types","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/corporate.findlaw.com\/legal-api\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/corporate_contracts_types?post=41489"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}